Spanish

Spanish-English Halloween Story Essay On la vispera de Todos los Santos a little fellow went to a casa de los fantasmas. Outside there were esqueletos holding tight the dividers. He was wearing a sparkle in obscurity mascara, conveying a calavera in one hand and a saco in the other. His disfraz veiled his miedo. He just wished he had conveyed a linterna with him. His sack was loaded up with bombones as he went into the house with numerous fantasmas in it. Out of the blue a murcielago flew over his face. He dropped his trusty skull and couldn't discover it once more. He got an escoba to fight off the gato negro by his feet. Everything he could consider was how much fun it would be at the celebration he was going to subsequently. At the present time he saw a bruja and her caldera and fled. We will compose a custom article on Spanish-English Halloween Story explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now He could hear the buhos as the house out of nowhere went quiet. At that point he saw a tall espantapajaros holding an enormous, orange calabaza. The luna shone on this splendidly. The entryway was ahead and he rushed to it. He would now stroll to the gathering he would go to and afterward finnally the treinta y uno, the noche de las brujas would at long last be finished. Unknown dialects .

Review Of Platoon :: essays research papers

I wasn’t anticipating it, I just turned upward and there it was: the appalling, wicked, battered body of a dead fighter. The shot was brief and I don't recall whether he was hung on a tree, on the off chance that he was hanging, or what not. I was not in class the day earlier because of a restless night prompted affliction, so I couldn't watch the initial segment of the film. I recollected that our class should watch a war film; Ms. Klein was settling on â€Å"Born on the Fourth of July† and â€Å"Platoon†. I enigmatically recall her colloquialism something around one of the films being a slight piece, well, grimly frightening. Because of various things that were expected in my classes that day, when I strolled into my English room, I was not contemplating the admonitions that I was given. At that point I turned upward. Stunned I surmise you could state was my first response. I was excessively astonished to be disturbed. Don’t sound so baffled, I got debilitated to my stomach very soon. It was difficult for me to focus on a ton of â€Å"Platoon† during the primary day of class. I took a gander at the screen just 50% of the time; I covered my head in current work in order to conceal my eyes from the catastrophes on TV. I would every so often gaze upward and sure enough, each time I continued to lift my head, I screeched, and set it back down. I recall scenes of high school young men being torments with projectiles, elderly people ladies and men being slaughtered, young ladies being assaulted, and youngsters being placed before a terminating crew. That night, I couldn’t control the awful scenes that overflowed my head as I attempted to rest. The following day, I had figured out how to manage the brutality somewhat more than the earlier day. I observed practically every last bit of it, dismissing just periodically. The feelings that the brutality communicated held me tight; it not, at this point dismissed me from the screen, however attracted me, indicating me further the shocking idea of war. Despite the fact that chief Oliver Stone may have misrepresented circumstances in the war, he introduced Vietnam like nobody previously. War isn't appeared as an occasion deserving of brilliance or recognition, we are no longer appeared as a fearless power of casualties. Survey Of Platoon :: expositions investigate papers I wasn’t anticipating it, I just gazed upward and there it was: the nauseating, grisly, battered body of a dead fighter. The shot was brief and I don't recollect whether he was hung on a tree, in the event that he was hanging, or what not. I was not in class the day earlier because of a restless night prompted disorder, so I couldn't watch the initial segment of the film. I recalled that our class should watch a war film; Ms. Klein was settling on â€Å"Born on the Fourth of July† and â€Å"Platoon†. I dubiously recall her colloquialism something around one of the motion pictures being a slight piece, well, frightfully sickening. Because of various things that were expected in my classes that day, when I strolled into my English room, I was not considering the alerts that I was given. At that point I gazed upward. Stunned I surmise you could state was my first response. I was excessively amazed to be disturbed. Don’t sound so disillusioned, I got wiped out to my stomach very soon. It was difficult for me to focus on a great deal of â€Å"Platoon† during the main day of class. I took a gander at the screen just 50% of the time; I covered my head in current work in order to conceal my eyes from the fiascos on TV. I would incidentally turn upward and sure enough, each time I continued to lift my head, I screeched, and set it back down. I recall scenes of high school young men being torments with projectiles, elderly people ladies and men being executed, young ladies being assaulted, and kids being placed before a terminating crew. That night, I couldn’t control the horrendous scenes that overwhelmed my head as I attempted to rest. The following day, I had figured out how to manage the savagery somewhat more than the earlier day. I observed practically every last bit of it, dismissing just periodically. The feelings that the brutality communicated held me tight; it not, at this point dismissed me from the screen, however attracted me, demonstrating me further the ghastly idea of war. Despite the fact that chief Oliver Stone may have overstated circumstances in the war, he introduced Vietnam like nobody previously. War isn't appeared as an occasion deserving of magnificence or applause, we are no longer appeared as a daring power of casualties.

Overview of the Problem-Solving Mental Process

Overview of the Problem-Solving Mental Process Inspiration Print Overview of the Problem-Solving Mental Process By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on February 12, 2020 Dimitri Otis / Stone / Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Inspiration Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Brain Health Technology Relationships View All Problem-solving is a mental process that involves discovering, analyzing and solving problems. The ultimate goal of problem-solving is to overcome obstacles and find a solution that best resolves the issue. The best strategy for solving a problem depends largely on the unique situation. In some cases, people are better off learning everything they can about the issue and then using factual knowledge to come up with a solution. In other instances, creativity and insight are the best options. The Steps in Problem-Solving In order to correctly solve a problem, it is important to follow a series of steps. Many researchers refer to this as the problem-solving cycle.?? While this cycle is portrayed sequentially, people rarely follow a rigid series of steps to find a solution. It is not necessary to follow problem-solving steps sequentially, It is common to skip steps or even go back through steps multiple times until the desired solution is reached. The following steps include developing strategies and organizing knowledge. Identifying the Problem: While it may seem like an obvious step, identifying the problem is not always as simple as it sounds. In some cases, people might mistakenly identify the wrong source of a problem, which will make attempts to solve it inefficient or even useless.Defining the Problem: After the problem has been identified, it is important to fully define the problem so that it can be solved.Forming a Strategy: The next step is to develop a strategy to solve the problem. The approach used will vary depending upon the situation and the individuals unique preferences.Organizing Information: Before coming up with a solution, we need to first organize the available information. What do we know about the problem? What do we not know? The more information that is available, the better prepared we will be to come up with an accurate solution.Allocating Resources: Of course, we dont always have unlimited money, time, and other resources to solve a problem. Before you begin to solve a p roblem, you need to determine how high priority it is. If it is an important problem, it is probably worth allocating more resources to solving it. If, however, it is a fairly unimportant problem, then you do not want to spend too much of your available resources into coming up with a solution.Monitoring Progress: Effective problem-solvers tend to monitor their progress as they work towards a solution. If they are not making good progress toward reaching their goal, they will reevaluate their approach or look for new strategies.Evaluating the Results: After a solution has been reached, it is important to evaluate the results to determine if it is the best possible solution to the problem. This evaluation might be immediate, such as checking the results of a math problem to ensure the answer is correct, or it can be delayed, such as evaluating the success of a therapy program after several months of treatment.?

The Environmental Protection Agency ( Epa ) Essay

During and since World War II the United States has produced millions of tons of toxic wastes during the manufacturing and processing of products. These hazards were often left abandoned and no one really paid attention to their effect on our environment. In the 1980s Congress established a Superfund Program. It was left for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to administer the superfund program, to find these hazardous sites, investigate and determine the worst ones, and then clean up those sites across the United States. Over 15,000 sites were identified and 1,400 were named to the National Priorities List (NPL). One of the towns was Picher Oklahoma named in the Tar Creek Superfund Site. Picher and the neighboring towns covering over a 50 square mile area became known as the Tar Creek Superfund Site and were officially put on the NPL on 8 September 1983 (challenge posed to children’s health by mixtures of toxic waste: the Tar Creek Superfund Site as a case-study , n.d.). All of the information was finally out. The hazards were known. It was time for the clean up to begin. Where do you begin when a problem is this large? The Environmental Protection Agency was tasked to take the lead in the clean-up. It was easy to identify the hazards: contaminated water, contaminated soil, possible area collapse, and the lead laced chat piles. To begin the Superfund site cleanup the EPA started with monitoring of the surface water, acid mine water discharge, andShow MoreRelatedThe Environmental Protection Agency ( Epa )1690 Words   |  7 Pagesby eating the contaminated fish. In the year 2011, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) signed a rule to reduce emissions of toxic air pollutants, specifically Mercury, from coal fired power plants. The resulting Mercury and Air Toxic Standards (MATS) are used to reduce the emissions of Mercury and other hazardous toxic substances resulting from coal fired power plants. The three control m easures that the EPA recommends to reduce the emission of Mercury are selective catalyticRead MoreThe Environmental Protection Agency ( Epa )1548 Words   |  7 PagesThe Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that there are over one thousand sites in the United States contaminated with radionuclides. Many of these contaminated sites have been thoroughly cleaned in a process to decontaminate the site to meet certain standards. These locations vary in size ranging from a small laboratory to a decommissioned nuclear power plant and even a large scale nuclear weapons facility. The Department of Energy (DOE) along with many other government agencies understandsRead MoreThe Environmental Protection Agency ( Epa )1470 Words   |  6 Pagesof modern life. As more research emerges correlations are made, chemicals are tested, and toxicants are identified, reengineered, and replaced with others equal in cause but unequal in effect. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the n ational authority tasked with this dynamic approach. The EPA defines hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as â€Å"pollutants that are known or suspected to cause cancer or other serious health effects, such as†¦ damage to the immune system, as well as neurological, reproductive†¦Read MoreEnvironmental Protection Agency ( Epa ) Federal Agents2679 Words   |  11 Pages Should Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) federal agents be able to carry firearms? Roberto Pastrana CRJU 4930 Wednesdays 4.30 P.M.-9.00 P.M. Georgia State University Abstract While interning at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at Criminal Investigation Division (CID) many of the EPA agents are faced with decisions/ life threatening situations that are affected due to firearms. The central point for this essay is whether EPA federal agents should be able to carry firearmsRead MoreThe Environmental Protection Agency ( Epa ) Should Limit And Regulate Carbon Dioxide996 Words   |  4 PagesThe government should limit and regulate carbon dioxide, CO2, emission because it is causing devastating changes to earth, the only planet known to sustain life. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) should provide stricter regulation of carbon emission in such a way to reduce the affects it has on the earth. If we cannot reduce carbon dioxide emissions or begin regulating carbon dioxide emissions, we will cause irreversible changes to the earth. The government needs to start regulating carbonRead MoreThe History Of The Enviornmental Protection Agency926 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is not one greater than the other. However, the departments under the environmental category have accomplished many fantastic projects that have created a healthier living space for the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the environmental category will be dissected into two main sections: the history of the department and the major responsibilities of the department. The Enviornmental Protection Agencys vast history reflects their accomplishments and what they haveRead MoreLocal Drinking Water Case Study995 Words   |  4 Pagesnot. The Environmental Protection Agency does water quality testing in most regions of the United States and come up with rules and regulations that they update every few years. The agency looks at different containments such as iron and copper and rates how significant it is to watch the contaminant and deduce whether or not they need to step in to help sustain high water quality. When a state, territory, or another group come up with water quality standards they must include EPA recommendedRead MoreEPA Protecting the Planet Essay697 Words   |  3 PagesThe Environmental Protection Agency takes on this ever so important mission of protecting them both. The mission statement of the EPA states, â€Å"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Office of Small Business Programs is to support the protection of human health and the environment by advocating and advancing the business, regulatory, and environmental compliance concerns of small and socio-economically disadvantaged businesses , and minority academic institutions (US Enviromental Protection AgencyRead MoreQuestions On Environmental Education781 Words   |  4 Pageslearn from it. I took Environmental Science because the topic is integrated throughout my business studies. This has created a hunger for a deeper, foundational knowledge of the concepts in order to improve business and personal environmental decisions. I desire to teach others as well. 3. Please describe, in detail, some major environmental issues in your village/community/town/region or nation. 4. What are they? Three issues have captured my attention: Wetland Protection, Brownfield Programs andRead MoreThe Clean Air Act ( Caa )1640 Words   |  7 Pagesthat authorize the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect people’s health and welfare and to regulate emissions of hazardous air pollutants (The United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA, 2015). The title I of the Clean Air Act (CAA) states the general requirements for states to submit Strategic Investment Programs to achieve and maintain the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the EPA s actions regarding

Difference between 2 companies Free Essay Example, 3000 words

McDonald’s Ownership A McDonald’s restaurant can be operated through a number of avenues, these include either by an affiliate, a franchisee or directly by the corporation itself. While most of the company’s operations within the United States are operated by the company directly, the company primarily relies on the use of franchising operations in conducting its operations in its other locations. The term franchising has been used to describe many different forms of business operations, however a franchise is basically an agreement between two parties that comprise of the franchisee and the entrepreneur (franchisor). A franchise agreement grants the franchise the authorization and right to operate a specific McDonald’s restaurant at given location. McDonald’s franchise agreements usually have a time span of 20 years (Gilbert, 2009). The franchise is given a number of rights that include the right to use the McDonald’s trademark and method of operation. On the other h and, McDonald’s is able to obtain its corporate revenue through the collection of royalties, rent and the fees that franchisees are required to pay as well as the sales that the company operated restaurants are able to make. McDonald’s Organizational Structure McDonald’s employs the use of a number of different structures to help it in running its operations at different levels. We will write a custom essay sample on Difference between 2 companies or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Bad Parenting or Child Abuse Free Essays

Dear Editor, I am writing in the relation of your article â€Å"Bad Parenting or Child Abuse†. I think it is a good idea for Connor McCreadie to be taken away from his family because he is such an unhealthy child and he needs to change his lifestyle before it gives him harm. This article tells me that it is bad parenting because Connor’s mother has a lack of discipline and a lack of effort for her child. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Parenting or Child Abuse? or any similar topic only for you Order Now He should be taken away because he needs to become a much healthier child and the Child Protection Authorities can help with this issue. The Child Protection Authorities can help with this issue by teaching Connor how to eat right and making him exercise more. If he doesn’t get taken away, he could gain more weight and lose his life, or he can harm himself or commit suicide because of all the teasing and bullying he gets. If his Mother doesn’t want him to be taken away, she should change how she feeds and looks after Connor. Connor’s Mother could change their lifestyle by getting much healthier food, making Connor try to eat fruits and vegetables, making him exercise more and not letting Connor eat/snack every 20 minutes. This would really help them and make Connor a much healthier child. This article would really help parents who have obese or unhealthy children. Parents who have obese or unhealthy children have the risk of losing them. Some children are so unhealthy they could lose their lives, and some even commit suicide or harm themselves because they get teased or bullied. You’re sincerely, Tay Tates How to cite Bad Parenting or Child Abuse?, Papers

First Love and True Love Essay Example For Students

First Love and True Love Essay Why is â€Å"first love† not considered â€Å"true love? † As a society, we differentiate these two terms into two particular meanings. First love is when you first experience love, often at a young age. True love is when you finally find genuine love with the right person, at the right time. But one question always lingers in my brain. Why can’t these two terms merge into one? Why can’t the first, be the last? It has been almost three weeks since I left him. I’m fine. I’m good. My life has never been better. It’s flooding with blessings and all the good things possible. I say these to myself, and to everyone else who asks about me. Something embedded deep in my brain whispers, what’s with the faà §ade? I have not heard from him since the night it all ended. It’s unreasonable to expect a word from him now, since I was the one who left him hanging, the one who made him wait for nothing. A simple â€Å"hi† would make me happy. I don’t need him to plead for me to return or a cry for help caused by the fact that I’m gone, and I don’t need an â€Å"I miss you. † All I need is a reassurance that he still thinks about me. How selfish, right? I know. I have had my fair share of heartbreaks and disappointments out of relationships that did not make the cut, but this time, I was the one who messed it all up. He begged for me to stay, he was there for me when I needed someone; he was everything anyone could ask for. So why did I do it? Why did I leave the one guy who had treated me the way I felt that I deserved to be treated? Before it all led to this current chaos, it was mellow and calm. It was exciting. It was interesting. I was interested. I chased after him like a child would chase after his mom after thinking he got lost in the supermarket wandering around the aisles, and finally spotting her out of nowhere. I wanted him because he didn’t want me. Or at least I thought he didn’t. I was attracted to the thought that I couldn’t have him, and so I was drawn in. It went on like that for months and months. We talked from dawn to dusk. As time passed, there was hint of chance that he might return the attraction. It was becoming playful, and whenever we would talk I would get this inexplicable rush. Thinking that he did not see me that way, and then getting that gut feeling that maybe he did, was the best part of the whole ride. Then it was stagnant. There was nothing coming out of it. It was just a hint that I was leaning on, and that hint was dying. I decided to stop trying and just leave it as was, since there was no hope. He would never be into me. As I had quit the ride, he then swoops in to pull me back. He asked me what was wrong, why I had suddenly stopped all communication. I didn’t want to let him know what was really on my mind because I didn’t know what was going on in his, but somehow he got a confession out of me. I told him how I felt. How I waited months for him, but got nothing, so I gave up. In return, he also confessed. He felt the same way this whole time. Everything started from there, and we were happy. We were saying the sweetest things to each other, and the rush was better than ever. We couldn’t be more honest with each other, and whenever we had issues, we fixed it. We had set ground rules for each other and we followed it with no hesitation. It was so exhilarating and I waited for our ride to crash and burn. It always did with the others in the past. .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 , .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .postImageUrl , .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 , .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:hover , .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:visited , .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:active { border:0!important; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:active , .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27 .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d45c2c862b07f233f6f33273f833c27:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X grew up in di EssayWhat difference did this one make with those? At this age, I don’t expect to settle and find the right person for me to be with for the long run. The crash was inevitable. He kept me satisfied and made me feel complete. Almost as if I was too complete. He was charming, and he said all the right things. All in all, he was perfect; perfect and boring. The feeling of sameness grew in me. There was no challenge, he was not chaotic, and he did not make me feel even the slightest of threats that he might be gone the next day. I know this sounds absolutely twisted. But that is how it felt for me. Everything was clean and I was longing for a mess to tidy up. Eventually he sensed it. He knew something was not right, and he asked me if I was still in the same place as he is. I asked for time to think and he gave it. After a few hours I finally admitted that I was no longer interested. I don’t feel the same as I did 7 months ago when I was the one who needed him and he didn’t need me. It took me many words of explanation in order not to make myself look like the bad guy, but towards the end of it all I still sounded crueler than ever. Two weeks and three days later here I am, in the midst of breaking down into tiny little pieces under my thick covers, memories and the comfort of talking to him haunting me to death. If I was so uninterested and I found it absolutely, mind-numbingly boring, why the hell am I sensing his ghost everywhere? Why do I miss him like I’ve never missed anything else? I have a theory: now that he’s gone and the possibility that he no longer cares and thinks about me hits me right on the spot and it makes me want to beg for him back. Now that he no longer asks me about my day and consoles me when I’m stressed with my homework load, I feel empty. He’s not there, not anymore. He’s not anywhere, but gone. The inevitable has won once again and I had initiated its victory. All along I always believed it would be him who would leave out of boredom, or out of frustration with the relationship. But I guess there’s a first time for everything. We try and try until we hit the jackpot. We know it won’t work out 90% of the time but we go for it anyways. We fool ourselves into thinking, â€Å"Hey, maybe this is it,† when it never really is. Why do we do this? Is it a rule in humanity? Is it just plain stupidity? All in all, I do not regret my decisions. I do not regret having to crush his feelings and even crush my own feelings in the process, for I know deep down if it hadn’t been me, it would be him, or some other cause will pop out of nowhere to break us up. I always believed in the saying, â€Å"There is a reason for everything. † Thus, I will not beat myself up for this. I will no longer sob tears for a useless matter. What’s done is done and I do not intend to look back. When people hear this story, I know I will still seem ruthless. But is it really ruthless to decide not to stay in a relationship that did not satisfy you?

Transition Elements Essays (419 words) - Periodic Table,

Transition Elements Transition Elements, series of chemical elements that share similar electron orbital structures and hence similar chemical properties. The transition elements are commonly defined as the 30 elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30, 39 to 48, and 71 to 80. The transition elements exhibit multiple valences or oxidation states typically ranging from +1 to +8 in compounds. In organometallic compounds, consisting of metals bonded to organic species, transition metals sometimes take on negative oxidation states. The transition elements have such typical metallic properties as malleability, ductility, high conductivity of heat and electricity, and metallic luster. They tend to act as reducing agents (donors of electrons), but are less active in this regard than the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, which have valences of +1 and +2, respectively. There are exceptions, as in the case of mercury (Hg), which is a liquid Transition elements in general have high densities and melting points and exhibit magnetic properties. They form both ionic and covalent bonds with anions (negatively charged ions), and such compounds are in general brightly colored.. They have high electrical conductivity because of delocalization of the s electrons simil ar to what occurs in the alkali and alkaline-earth metals. Another characteristic of the transition metals is the great variety of oxidation states shown in its compounds. Several transition elements and their compounds are important catalysts (see Catalysis) in a variety of industrial processes, especially in the manufacture of petroleum and plastic products, where organic molecules are hydrogenated, oxidized, or polymerized (see Chemical Reaction; Hydrogenation; Polymer). Compounds of titanium, aluminum, or chromium are used in the polymerization of ethylene to form polyethylene. Catalysts containing iron are used in preparing ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen. Molecules containing transition elements are important to the biochemical processes in many living systems, the most familiar example of which is the iron-containing heme complex of hemoglobin, which is responsible for oxygen transport in the blood of all vertebrates and some invertebrates. Most transition metals are colored and make some of their ionic compounds colored. This is because they absorb some of the frequencies of white light. This is attributed to electronic transitions in the d subshell, separating them into different levels of energy. When light is absorbed, an electron is raised from a lower state to a higher state, giving the rise to color. The stored energy is then dissipated through heat. The transition metals also have complex ionic structures because of the availability of d orbitals for participating in chemical bonding. Science

Searchers essays

Searchers essays The Searchers (1956) is one of America's top one-hundred films ever made. John Ford directed this film with John Wayne as the leading role, his supporting actors/actresses were Natalie Wood, Jeffery Hunter, Vera Miles, and Ward Bond.The film tells the story of a man, Wayne, searching for his captured nice, but actually is searching for his humanity. This film dones not focus on Wayne as a hero, as much as it does on him trying to find himself. The montage, visual elements, action, and sound elements are what makes this film so great. The montage, or narative continuity and character explination is what hooks the viewer into watching the film. Narative continuity is how the film flows, or how the story is told. Throughout the movie the story is told, or percieved as if the viewer were there experiencing it all. When Ethan(Wayne) is comes home and the whole family is sitting in the livingroom by the fire they are telling the story through their dialouge and the actions. There is a part in the film that is nariated though.When Marty sends the letter back home to Laurie to tell her about his journey, she reads the letter aloud to the family and that is how that part of the film is shown to the viewers. When she reads the part about him finding a wife, the film shows much more detail than she reads. Like him finding wife, the film shows how he got his wife, how she followed them, and how he lost her. Character explination allows the viewers to get to know the characters. Through out the film the viewers will get to know little bits and pieces of information about the main characters. They are not as obvious, so the viewer needs to read between the lines. At the very beginning of the film when Ethan returns home, his nephew Aaron asks him, "How was California," and Ethan replies, " California? How should I know?...No, I ain't been to California. I don't plan to go either." Then Aaron asks him to tell them about the war, so...

The State and Perspectives of Restaurant Business in London Essay

The State and Perspectives of Restaurant Business in London - Essay Example This shows that the customers are interested in enjoying nice meal even with lower budget (Warle, 2011). The restaurant business has contributed a lot for development of the economy. Every year it is creating a number of employment opportunities for the people of London. In London, traditional British food is more accepted, as it is one of the favourite foods of the citizens. Generally, the menu of the London Restaurant contains traditional British food items. The demand for food quality is increasing because of the changing culture as well as eating habits of the Londoners (Akbar, 2007). Economic Development and London Business Environment The hospitality sector is the fifth major industry which as per the data of the year 2010 provides employment to over 2.4 million populations in the UK. It also contributes more than ?34 billion in gross tax revenue. Creation of jobs are one of the most important aspects for development of the economy, thus it has created employment opportunities for people from Highlands of Scotland to the South West of England along with other main cities such as London or Edinburg (British Hospitality Association, 2010). The hospitality industry is the fifth leading industry in Britain which contributes 8% of total employment. The hospitality industry is leading in creating jobs in comparison to transport, financial services and communication sector. It requires support from the government in area such as taxation, infrastructure and planning of education and health policy to maximise the economic and social contribution. As observed by Oxford Economic study, the hospitality industry has opportunity to... This paper presents modern in-depth analysis of the restaurant industry in London and its role in promoting the economic growth of the UK. London restaurant industry is part of the hospitality industry. Thus, keeping in view the primary function of the hospitality industry which is to establish a new relationship as well as to promote a previously established relationship, this industry plays a significant role in making London one the most preferred destinations for people across the world. The London restaurant business is experiencing a significant amount of growth in recent years. According to the study conducted in March 2011, the hotel and restaurant sector in the UK is growing at the rate of 6.2 per cent. In spite of problems in the economy, companies such as â€Å"First Restaurant Group† in London have been still growing as compared to other companies. This shows that the customers are interested in enjoying nice meal even with lower budget. The restaurants in London are increasing their focus and interest towards the crucial aspect of sustainability. The several popular restaurants in London are purchasing food from the local suppliers. The interest of restaurant business is shifting to organic food. The marketing strategy is required to communicate with the customers. It is not only about entertainment but also involves innovation along with creativity to influence the buying habit of the customers. Advertising approach comes under marketing strategy which is used as a medium to convey message to the target customers

MIDTERM PART 4 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MIDTERM PART 4 - Term Paper Example While racial disparities have been on the forefront in shaping America’s socio-political and socio-economic context, ethnicity has been trailing in significance. Many people readily recognize racialism at the expense of ethnicity (Watts, 2005). The battle against racism and racial confusion diminished after the second world war. During the war, Americans fought in solidarity irrespective of race, gender, and ethnicity. Racial and ethnic prejudice and biases dominated American life system thereafter. Racial intermarriages and ethnic assimilations attribute the major causes of racial and ethnic confusion. Intermarriages were because of different factors. The white skin complexion has always been associated with superiority and freedom. Such is a fact emphasised by the way pure white Americans view themselves as being superior over other mixed race or non-white Americans. The fact that veterans might have gotten raw deals after the war could have forced in them, a push towards neutralization interactions. Thus, intermarriages and assimilations came to being. Racial confusion intimidates the victims (Kwan & Speirs, 2004). Most of the victims of race and ethnic diversity often find themselves in discriminatory and intimidating scenarios. The problem is outrightly persistent and may take several decades or centuries to end. Many non-whites who had migrated to America with ambitions of getting better life deals ended up not living the American dream. They meet harsh racial environments that shattered the development of both their intellectual and practical professionalism (Spickard & Fong, 1995). During the war, however, Americans fought as a nation and not as individuals. There were utmost unity and togetherness, and no one saw a difference on the other. The unity ought to have continued among the people beyond the war period. However, the then whites-dominated government and

Embedding Total Quality Management In Private Universities Management Essay

Embedding Total Quality Management In Private Universities Management Essay The previous chapter consisted of a literature review about TQM, the management approach that started in manufacturing and business and then extended over the service sector and particularly in higher education. Research shows that by adapting aspects of the TQM to fit their own needs, higher education organizations experienced a better ability to manage the process of quality, and maintain and enhance development. Vazzana.et al (2000), in their study about TQM in business colleges found that most PUs benefit from their attempt at using TQM to improve the quality of their universities. Similarly, Weller (2000) in his study of using the TQM tools to identify root causes of higher education attendance problems concluded that the application of TQMs tools and techniques to solve higher education problems as highly promising as it is in PUs areas. The purpose of chapter five was to give a general understanding of the subject. The present chapter is about how TQM has, and can be, adopted in the PUs, what benefits PUs can get from implementing TQM, concerns about, and case studies of some PUs which have implemented TQM and what problems and benefits have been encountered in this context. The chapter concludes with a proposed model for TQM in the PUs in Egypt. 5.2 TQM in Private Universities Context Ever more, the implementation of TQM has extended over industrial organizations and has turned deteriorating companies into world leaders. Although the origins of TQM are grounded in statistical analysis of performance, with statistical quality control being the principal tool for verifying the success of TQM measures, TQM lays importance on the human element of an organization (Deming, 1986; Juran, 1988). This makes TQM suitable for service sectors in general and particularly education. Although educational organizations have been slower to see the value of TQM, many of them are now using TQM to improve their administration and to face internal and external challenges. As Mangan (1992) notes: Faced with soaring operating costs and persistent public demands for accountability, a growing number of colleges and universities are turning to TQM and its principles of customer satisfaction, teamwork, and employee empowerment as a tool to improve how institutions are managed. There are three generic approaches to TQM in higher education (Harris 1994), Firstly there is a customer focus where the idea of service to students is fostered through staff training and development, which promotes students choice and autonomy. The second approach has a staff focus and is concerned to value and enhance the contribution of all members of staff to the effectiveness of an institutions operation, to the setting of policies and priorities. This entails a flatter management structure and the acceptance of responsibility for action by defined working groups. The third approach focuses on service agreements stance and seeks to ensure conformity to specification at certain key measurable points of the educational processes. Evaluation of assignments by faculty within a specified timeframe is an example. Lawrence and Mc.Collough (2001) propose a system of guarantees designed to accommodate multiple stakeholders and the various and changing roles of students in the educational process. Durlabhji and Fusilier (1999) states that customer empowerment in education requires greater input from students as well as from business community that will eventually employ them and this in term will streamline education and eliminate any rest of the esoteric academic that exist in business coursework. In his model of distributed leadership for managing change in higher educational institutions, Gregory (1996) suggests four dimensions of institutional leadership symbolic, political, managerial and academic. In managing educational change there has been general criticism (Iven, 1995) that government initiatives are being pushed by a narrow, employer-driven strategy. Policy makers do have an obligation to set policy, establish standards and monitor performance. They must articulate important educational goals (Fullan, 1993). Roffe (1998) considers that due to open competition, students are becoming more customers as well as consumers and expected to pay a growing share of the costs of education. TQM implementation in PUs, Osseo-Asare and Long bottom (2002) proposes enabler criteria, which affect performance and help organizations achieve organizational excellence. These criteria are leadership, policy and strategy, people management, resources and partnerships and processes. The literature contains infinite cases of Total Quality Management principles incorporation in education. The application ranges from school stage (Weller and Hartley, 1994 and Schmoker and Wilson, 1993) to higher education stage (Sahney et.al, n2004 and Wiklund et.al, 2003). Some studies focus on the feasibility of implementing TQM in educational. Anderson (1995) reported the results of a case study to evaluate the effectiveness of a TQM programme at the University of Houston, College of Business Administration. He found that the implementation of TQM had some positive results such as increasing the student perceptions of service quality. Moreover, some studies show that TQM is also used to solve some specific issues. Weller (2000) reported that TQM principles can be used to identify root problem causes for absenteeism. It also can help in identifying realistic solutions which yield positive results in academic and non-academic areas. The TQM pedagogical concept applied to higher education embraces all fields and levels of education and has an effect on the following: Physical facilities (buildings, sport complexes, open field etc.), Academic infrastructure (laboratories, library, documentation, communication, information infrastructure etc.), Curriculums, Examinations and evaluation systems, Supplying academic and administrative personal and their improvement systems, Research and publication, Institutional development plans (strategic planning), University industry society relations, Deming claimed his production system can be applied to service organizations as well as to manufacturing organizations (Evans and Lindsay, 1999). Figure 4.3 with reference to TQM applies Demings production model to higher education. This system depends on the answers to these main questions. Who are the stakeholders (customers and suppliers)? What are the inputs and outputs? What are the key processes? Stockholders Suppliers Stockholders Customers Families High Schools Business Sector Vocational Institutes Input Government Business Families Students Outputs Design Redesign Teaching Program Customer research Where are we now and where do we want to be? Process Figure 5.1 TQM in Higher Education System In figure 5.1 the stakeholders are the customers and suppliers. The stakeholder groups can easily be extended beyond the members shown in the groups as customers and suppliers. Suppliers include families, high school, Vocational institutes, and business. The customers include the business community, graduate school, society, student, and families. Universities have a large number of different customers as shown in the figure 5.1. University management should consider the relative importance of each customer group and balance and reconcile the interests of these diverse groups. Students as consumers of knowledge and services are considered to be the main customer. Accepting students as an important group of customers can be taken as a revolutionary change in the management of quality in higher education. That group of students, as the consumers of education, should include potential students, existing students and graduate students. The university has different priorities and services for each group of students who make up the main customer group and attempts to satisfy their different needs. For example, introductory courses for potential students, student counselling for existing students and alumni associations for graduate students. Processes include all facets of teaching, student counselling, and scientific research. The first process is to assess the educational needs of students in terms of their existing knowledge, future career opportunities, and the needs of the community and its future development. Other processes to be followed are planning curriculum for courses, including allocating resources, arranging facilities, administration and support, and finally teaching and learning. The quality of all these processes must be effectively and visibly assured. Like manufacturing systems, educational systems can include a means by which costumer research can be conducted to evaluate and improve supply. For example, by observing students, analyzing test results, and using other resources from student feedback, instructors can assess their own effectiveness and develop strategies for improvement. Some colleges and universities survey their graduates and their graduates employers to assess consumer satisfaction wi th their product. Feedback such as that mentioned, helps colleges, departments, and individual faculty members to redesign curriculum, improve course content, and improve services such as academic advising. While industry usually has a product or service, educational institutions do not have perceived products in the generally accepted sense. Education has many outputs and inputs but the results from the process stage are often difficult to quantify in the short term. The inputs to the educational system are students, faculty, support staff, buildings and equipment and other facilities. Outputs include people with new knowledge and abilities and research findings as seen from the figure 5.1. 5. 3 Quality Control of Higher Education Vevere (2009) referred quality control to verification procedures (both formal and informal) used by institutions in order to monitor commitment level to quality standards. Vevere schemed quality control of higher education as interconnected system as shown below in figure (5.2). Figure 5.2 system of external and internal control of higher education. Source :Vevere , Nina (2009) According to figure (5.2) above, external control institutions verify the commitment to standards that higher education institutions claim. It is a fundamental principle of TQM to integrate TQM internally within the institution of higher education and externally with international organizations of education (Tang Zairi, 1998). The International Accreditation Organization (IAO, 2010) is an independent and private education accrediting seeks to the finest global educational standards. IAO is a member of the International Education Accreditation Commission (IEAC), which is concerned with establishment, maintenance and improvement of standards of accreditation agencies across the globe. In each country, there is a local bodybodies coordinate and cooperate with international bodies concerned with higher education quality. In England, as an example, the Department of Employment is concerned whether graduates can satisfy the needs of employers (Harvey et al., 1992). In Egypt, few universit ies got educational ISO and highly satisfied standards of National Authority for Quality Assurance and Accreditation (NAQAA) for some specializations. 5.4 Benefits of TQM for Private Higher Education As the world is currently undergoing a dramatic change and education is considered the leading competitive change tool, so TQM as concluded in chapter four and explained in chapter five could be a reasonable approach for developing. The literature review of TQM is showing that many writers have encouraged the use of TQM in education. Sallis (1993) argues that an educational organization could benefit from applying the TQM approach both in human and financial terms. Sallis points out that some concepts of TQM like right first time cannot be directly implemented in educational organizations but educational organizations can still benefit from such a notion. He indicates that if an education organization applied TQM, mistakes will be minimized with clear systems and procedures, and good team work through careful and thoughtful planning. In this point, one can notice that although TQM originally started in manufacturing and it has somehow acquired business language, but it is still flexible enough to be adapted by PUs. Murgatroyd and Morgan (1993) highlight the benefit of holistic organization in applying TQM. They mention that TQM is not concerned just with the outcome of education, but with the whole nature of education as a process for all stakeholders. Howard (1996) states the following ways in which PUs can benefit from implementing TQM: 1. Stakeholder value through customer focus. 2. Employee commitment and development through involvement. 3. Goal achievement through strategic planning. 4. Services improvement through continuous process improvement. 5. Cost reduction through elimination of unnecessary tasks. Howard highlights the benefits of TQM for PUs from three different dimensions: human dimension, financial dimension and planning dimension. In the human dimension, the stakeholders are satisfied and employees are committed; in the financial dimension, money and other resources are saved; and in the planning dimension strategic planning leads to goal achievement. Therefore, the literature on TQM argues that implementing TQM in PUs would save time, money and efforts through doing things right first time. TQM will also help PUs to demonstrate values for all stakeholders, provide better quality provision and communication and continue seeking innovation and improvement. 5.5 Obstacles about TQM in Private Universities According to Srivanci (2004) and critical issues in implementing TQM in PUs includes leadership, customer identification, cultural and organizational transformation. Deans and head of departments cannot eliminate unethical employment practices of lecturers like what is applied in public universities where rigid rules is deployed. Hence they do not enjoy ultimate authority in hiring and firing of personnel and allocating resources. Owlia and Aspinwall (1997) conclude that customer orientation is a more problematic principle of TQM when applied to PUs because of special nature of many academics whose motivation to work is often independent of market issues. Education consider as a provider of services. Its services include advice, tuition, assessment and guidance to pupils and students, their parents and sponsors. The customers and the stakeholders of the service are a very diverse group and need identifying. If quality is about meeting and exceeding customer needs and wants, it is important to be clear whose needs and wants we should be satisfying. The diversity of customers makes it all the more important for educational institutions to focus on customer wants and to develop mechanisms for responding to them. In PUs where the education process depends totally on the customers fees to run, a funding cut may lead to a reduction in service that may not accord with what customers are feeding back. This is not much important in public universities where it is supported from government. This is a very difficult issue to resolve and TQM does not provide ready answers to it in private universities. Cultural and organizational transformation in PUs main issue is under the frustrates the introduction of conventional TQM procedures is the principle of academic freedom as it plays out in individual professorial classrooms and their professional lives. Another important issues is that faculty members tend to work alone more often the together in projects since they gain more managerial and financial advantage at the opposite in public universities. The obstacles that cause unsuccessful adopting and implementing TQM in PUs academia are (but not limited to): The nature of the academia world, which makes the change process slow. The resistance of academicians to change, so to learn about the new method of doing things. The nature of some institutions as non-profit organization, which reduce the motivation to adopt new management methodology. The concentration of the academicians (in their readings and researches) on their narrow specializations. The TQM methodology and tools are relatively new especially in the developing countries. High turnover rate of staff, which prevents accumulation of experience and sustain the momentum of change. The absence of employees (units) who are specialized in TQM. The common administration problem, is putting a high rank and qualified personnel in the leading position depending on their previous experience not on their specialization i.e. the leaders of the institution could be specialized in art, physics, anatomy or any other field but not in management and specifically in higher education management. 5.6 Case Studies of TQM Implementation in Private Universities To review the experiences of some educational organizations with TQM, in order to gain appreciation from their experiences in proposing the TQM model for PUs in Egypt and in developing the implementation framework. As with benchmarking, it is better to learn from the experiences of others than starting from scratch. The literature covers PUs which have adopted TQM. For this study the case studies will be examined from the perspective of US and UK experiences where the two countries are well reputable in higher education. 5.6.1 US experience The first attempt to implement TQM in US higher education began in 1985. The movement spread quickly and in 1990, 78 higher education institutions were reported to be exploring or attempting to implement TQM. The common factor in US higher education is that it is being driven toward commercial competition imposed by economic forces. Competition is the result of the development of the global education market on the one hand, and the reduction of governmental funding that forces public organizations to seek other financial sources, on the other hand. For example, at Oregon State University the government cut funds by 35 percent. Some universities, such as Virginia Commonwealth University responded by decreasing staff salaries and increasing tuition fees. North Dakota University responded to such cuts by increasing the number of students without increasing quality. Competitive factors between universities did not allow for lower quality, so many institutions are looking to industry for ideas. Considering the similarities between experiences met in the commercial world and those faced in higher education, the TQM approach can be a solution for the do more with less. Today more than 200 private institutions of higher education are involved in TQM throughout the USA. There are many success stories in the US. The experiences of some US higher educational institutions prove that the effect of using TQM in private higher education is positive. 5.6.1.1 Oregon State University One of the most publicized success stories is that of Oregon State University (OSU). For a number of reasons the first pilot study was conducted at OSU. First, quality was considered a high-priority issue. Second, it has high probability of success. Third, management agreed that it was important. Fourth, no one else was working on it. Fifth, it was also important to the customers of the organizations. OSU, as leader of TQM in higher education movement, has had a real success; time has been saved, costs have been reduced, people have been empowered at all levels, and morale has skyrocketed. Oregon State University followed the following steps as a planning stage to implement TQM: Exploring Total Quality Management through visiting companies with TQM programs, inviting Deming to visit and explain TQM, reading key resources and attending TQM classes. Forming a pilot study team which was seen as a learning experience for the OSUs staff and a model for future teams. It consisted of 10 managers and front-line workers, a team leader, and a training officer/ facilitator. After the first pilot team experience, they began implementing TQM by focusing top management on strategic planning, including the following steps: defining the mission, understanding customers, identifying the critical processes of the president, developing the vision and identifying breakthrough items. Developing a training program, a quality manual and a recognition system. Establishing daily management system. Establishing standing cross-functional teams. 5.6.1.2 Northwest Missouri State University Northwest Missouri State University is another leader in TQM in higher education. It defines its success as: enrolment is now at capacity: the budget is balanced; faculty salaries are higher than average; and about 10% of budget has been shifted from administration to instructions. The implementation of TQM followed the following steps (Waller, L. D., 2000): Senior management began to learn about quality management. Developing internal expertise that was required rather than obtain some ready improvement methodology and rely on outsiders to provide the expertise. The management of the transformation became a full-time enterprise for those school district employees who were involved. The introduction of leadership training and development for principals-to-be. This was to provide this critical group with continuous improvement skills needed in the schools. A decision making process at the school level was introduced. Classroom Learning System was introduced based on Demings problem solving Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle. 5.6.1.3 The University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania is committed to TQM in the Wharton School MBA; curriculum has been developed using TQM principles. Moreover this University has improved the method of recouping corporate research changes and reduced charges from $ 18 to $ 13 million. The university proposed an eleven-step model for implementing TQM The president adopts quality as the core of institutional value system and communicates this value, and works to develop commitment to it throughout the institution. The president promotes the value through frequent symbolic and substantive actions. Educate administrators and academic deans in TQM and customer orientation, in team/participative management. Identify customers needs and set performance objectives. Train and designate internal resource persons who provide technical assistance to the rest of the institution. Train faculty, staff, and employees in appropriate statistical techniques, process analysis, decision making, and customer orientation. Form quality teams to seek continual improvement in the process and identify individual quality champions. Define/delegate authority throughout the institution. Develop performance measurement systems to continuously monitor the progress of the institution; the measurement should focus on the stakeholders needs satisfaction. Institute incentives and reward systems and relate them to TQM objectives. Work continuously to reduce the resistance to change. 5.6.2 UK Experience The first TQM initiatives in UK higher education were later than in the USA; the first attempts were in the early 1990. 5.6.2.1 De Monfort University De Monfort University (DMU) has some successful results in implementing TQM. The Faculty of Design and Manufacture at DMU completely reviewed and revised traditional teaching menthols and courses, which were no longer appropriate for the end of twentieth century. Teaching staff became 30 percent more efficient with double the number of student, and effectiveness of the revised course content was widely reorganized by industry, student and other design faculties. In Leicester Business School at DMU, with the application of TQM, higher participation rates and increase in staff productivity achieved. The strategic plan for the implementation was rooted with the concepts of identifying the customers, understanding their needs and serving them well. The plan focused on the following steps: The establishment of a quality council comprising the universitys most senior academic and non-academic managers. The purpose of the council is to review the universitys processes and critical success factors in order to identify key issues for improvement. Raising quality awareness through a series of awareness courses. These courses provide early education and training for actual and potential council members. In addition to the awareness courses, there is specific training in quality management tools and techniques. Using quality function deployment to ensure the customer satisfaction. This method was applied in the Department of Vision Sciences. There were eight essential areas to consider: students wants and needs, skills necessary to meet the wants and needs, programme and course content to deliver the skills, organization and assessment of the programme, resources, implementation of the programme, monitoring discrepancies between goals and outcomes, and control of the system in changing circumstances. However, the experience of quality function deployment showed it to be a complex tool. De Monfort University did not use a particular TQM model but instead only used the TQM principles, tools and techniques whenever appropriate and possible, because was difficult to provide an objective assessment to its success or of its cost over the years. 5.6.2.2 South Bank University Total quality management initiative was launched in 1992 at South Bank University. This has involved a thorough and ongoing review both of the quality of service it provides for its students and the wider community and of its academic quality, particularly in the area of teaching and learning. South Bank University, decided at an early stage that it should reflect more accurately the principle that real quality issues involved the ongoing commitment of all staff, support and academic, at all levels. Students are rightly encouraged to be involved more actively in the learning process, to be critical and imaginative about their own learning. Within five years, linking TQM into the strategic planning process, South Bank started to establish a competitive advantage by achieving differentiation (of its courses) through the quality of the learning experience, if a way can be found of advertising this to potential customers. It is expected that up to ten significant quality improvement measures (for example in academic staff time saved by increased efficiency in validation procedures or in improved feedback from student course board representatives) will have been achieved at the cross-university level in response to common problems identified through the quality service agreements. Most importantly, there will have been a change in the culture of the institution where all staff accepts their personal responsibility for quality improvement as a natural part of their job. The quality management plan can be summarized as follows The vice-chancellor and senior executive take direct responsibility for leadership of the universitys quality plan. Quality commitment to all university elements. Continuous improvement is everyones responsibility. Deployment of resources to support quality management. Quality management responsibility is best handed by operational levels. Encouragement of the diversification of quality management forms. Development of staff. From the quality principles and mission statement, critical factors of strategic importance are identified: teaching and learning, research, community service, institutional management, priority resource allocation, enhancing technical and information support, and quality advancement procedures. These factors formed a framework for further actions in the quality plan. In implementing TQM, each faculty formed its own quality committee to provide leadership and to increase quality improvement at faculty level. Responsible officers (e.g. deans) are charged with ensuring that performance targets are achieved within the specified time. As a part of staff development, brainstorming is used to identify strengths and weaknesses. South Bank University learned that the commitment of the staff to the quality initiatives and staff development, in addition to the stakeholders involvement and empowerment are essential to the strengthening of a quality culture. The purpose of presenting case studies is to learn how they applied TQM and propose a model that suits the PUs in Egypt. All of the five educational organizations began to apply TQM as a means to respond to the great demand for change and improvement. Some used TQM to face the reduction of funding or the challenge of competitiveness. This is the case in the PUs; it faces challenges and needs to encourage improvement, as discussed in chapter four. In Implementing TQM, universities get used different TQM models according to their needs. TQM requires creativity, responsibility and participation from managers and staffing in an environment of collaboration and open communication. It requires commitment at the top level. It needs strong visionary leadership that will facilitate the cultural change toward continuous development. TQM also demands the establishment of an environment of teamwork. Another important issue about implementing TQM is that the top management play a major role in planning the organizations processes. The PUs as an educational organization should aim at satisfying stakeholders needs. Nevertheless, TQM demands time, effort and a willingness to change. It creates a learning organization where education, training and re-education are essential for TQM success. TQM requires staff at all levels to be motivated to do not only what is better but what is best by the involvement and empowerment of all staff. TQM is about believing that there is always a better way of doing the services of the organization. So, involvement and empowerment, training and education, and continuous improvement are characters of the TQM organization. The implementation of TQM seems to be more effective if it is steady and well-planned. It also needs appraisal using quality tools and techniques. This is a very difficult task but not impossible. It just needs time and patience and a view point. From the previously discussed case studies, it seems that TQM approach succeeded in educational settings and this success can be translated into the following results: Saving time. Saving effort in the long term. Saving money and resources. Establishing a quality culture. Identification of strong and weak points. Stakeholder empowerment and involvement. Communication empowerment. Better understanding of stakeholders and their needs. Building a positive teamwork environment. Raising authority delegation.

Mis †Walmart Essay

INTRODUCTION A Management information system (MIS) is a system or process that provides information needed to manage organizations effectively. Management information system gives the business managers the information that they need to make decisions. Early business computers were used for simple operations such as tracking inventory, billing, sales, or payroll data, with little detail or structure but now days it has been replaced by the advanced techniques like ERP, EPM, SCM and SAP. Management information systems are distinct from regular information systems in that they are used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization. HISTORY OF WALLMART Sam Walton who is a businessman from ARKANASAS, begin his carrier with retail industry and started working on June 3, 1940. On July 2 1962 he opened first walmart discount city store located in ARKANASAS. Walmart is one of the most technically advanced companies in the world and reason behind this is availability of accurate and up to date information which intern a basis of its growth in the market. And for collecting the accurate information on time it is necessary that management should continuously review the information, which is possible only by an integrated management system. Walmart became one of the first companies in retail sector to use MIS. MIS IN DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS OF THE ORGANISATION: 1.OPERATIONS: In the world of retailing, Wal-Mart has what is considered to be the most sophisticated distribution system called Retail Link. This system connects each store with headquarters and over 2,000 suppliers so that they will never run out of or have too much inventory. Wal-Mart turns over their inventory more than any other retail store. The current challenge exists with supplying their overseas stores, especially while this is the area that they are concentrating on growing. In order to become more efficient overseas, Wal-Mart has started is on Customs Brokering division to take care of its global procurement, which saves them brokering and freight forwarding fees, and also gives them more control. They have also started to â€Å"request† strongly that their suppliers also be physically located in the countries where Wal-Mart is to better supply them. Procurement of material Walmart is a bulk purchaser and they follow centralised purchased system, so the company directly procure the materials from manufacturers thus eliminating all the intermediaries and middlemen. This is essential to reduce the cost and offer best pricing. They first find out the potential supplier and then after getting prices from everyone the will decide finally according to the cost structure of the offer. For efficiently managing this information wall mart uses EDI model(electronic data interchange) it is basically a computer based system of walmart in this system the computers of suppliers and vendors are connected with walmart. EDI enables supplier to download purchase order along with store to store sales information related to their product like no of product sold, no. of product received. As supplier receives the information about sales of various products, the supplier shipped the required goods to different walmart distribution centres. Basically it is a high speed integrat ion system between supplier and walmart and which is very helpful in making the process fast and efficient. Transportation A company owned transportation system also assists Wal-Martin shipping goods from warehouse to store in less than 48 hours. This allows Wal-Mart to replenish the shelves 4 times faster than its competition.Wal-Mart owns the largest and most sophisticated computer system in the private sector. It uses a MPP (massively parallel processor) computer system to track stock and movement which keeps it abreast of fast changes in the market .Information related to sales and inventory is disseminated visits advanced satellite communications system. MPP is basically used to track the movement of goods and stock level and information for this is transmitted through advanced satellite communication system. So when the information about movement of goods is transmitted it automatically generate the information and pass it on to transportation department and from there the logistic facility is ensured. Inventory management Wal-Mart invested heavily in IT & communication system to effectively track sales and merchandise inventories in stores across all the outlets in the country. For this company needs to have excellent communication system. And Walmart is using the technique of PRETTY DARN QUICK DISPLAY (PDQ) TECHNIQUE. In this technique the company asked its suppliers to ship goods inshore-ready displays called pretty darn quick (PDQ) displays.Goods were packed in PDQ displays that arrived at the stores ready to be boarded on the racks.WalMart’s employees could directly replace the empty racks at the stores with fully packed racks, instead of refilling each and every item at the racks. HUB AND SPOK SYSTEM – in the early1970s, Wal-Mart became one of the first retailing companies in the world to centralize its distribution system, pioneering the retail hub-andspoke system. Under the system, goods were centrally ordered, assembled at a massive warehouse, known as distribution centre · (hub), from where they were dispatched to the individual stores (spoke). The hub and spoke system enabled Wal-Mart to achieve significant cost advantages by the centralized purchasing of goods in huge quantities. And also the used of RFID technology (radio frequency identification) this technique is used to replace the bar coding technique and increase the efficiency of employees because with this employees are no longer requires to physically scan the bar code thus it improve efficiency and reduce the stock outs. Reordering Wal-Mart built an automated reordering system linking computers between Procter & Gamble (â€Å"P&G†) and its stores and distribution centres. The computer system sends a signal from a store to P&G identifying an item low in stock. It then sends a resupply order, via satellite, to the nearest P&G factory, which then ships the item to a Wal-Mart distribution centre or directly to the store. This interaction between Wal-Mart and P&G is a win-win proposition because with better coordination, P&G can lower its costs and pass some of the savings on to Wal-Mart. Thus walmart is efficiently using the MIS to achieve efficiency and cost minimization. 2. MARKETING FUNCTION (MIS) Marketing activities are directed toward planning, promoting, and selling goods and services to satisfy the needs of customers and the objectives of the organization. Marketing information systems support decision making regarding the marketing mix. These include: 1. 2. 3. 4. Product Price Place Promotion Sources of Data and Information for Marketing: Boundary-Spanning and Transaction Processing Subsystems A marketing information system relies on external information to a far greater degree than other organizational information systems. It includes two subsystems designed for boundary spanning – bringing into the firm data and information about the marketplace. The objective of marketing research is to collect data on the actual customers and the potential customers, known as prospects. The identification of the needs of the customer is a fundamental starting point for total quality management (TQM). Electronic commerce on the WEB makes it easy to compile statistics on actual buyer behaviour. Marketing research software supports statistical analysis of data. It enables the firm to correlate buyer behaviour with very detailed geographic variables, demographic variables, and psychographic variables. Marketing (competitive) intelligence is responsible for the gathering and interpretation of data regarding the firm’s competitors, and for the dissemination of the competitive information to the appropriate users. Most of the competitor information comes from corporate annual reports, media-tracking services, and from reports purchased from external providers, including on-line database services. The Internet has become a major source of competitive intelligence. Marketing Mix Subsystems The marketing mix subsystems support decision making regarding product introduction, pricing, promotion (advertising and personal selling), and distribution. These decisions are integrated into the sales forecast and marketing plans against which the ongoing sales results are compared. Product Subsystem The product subsystem helps to plan the introduction of new products. Continually bringing new products to market is vital in today’s competitive environment of rapid change. Although decisions regarding the introduction of new products are unstructured, information systems support this process in several ways: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Professional support systems assist designers in their knowledge work DSSs are used to evaluate proposed new products With a DSS, a marketing manager can score the desirability of a new product. Electronic meeting systems help bring the expertise of people dispersed in space and time to bear on the problem Information derived from marketing intelligence and research is vital in evaluating new product ideas. Place Subsystem The place subsystem assists the decision makers in making the product available to the customer at the right place at the right time. The place subsystem helps plan the distribution channels for the product and track their performance. The use of information technology has dramatically increased the availability of information on product movement in the distribution channel. Promotion Subsystem The promotion subsystem is often the most elaborate in the marketing information system, since it supports both personal selling and advertising. Media selection packages assist in selecting a mix of avenues to persuade the potential purchaser, including direct mail, television, print media, and the electronic media such as the Internet and the WEB in particular. The effectiveness of the selected media mix is monitored and its composition is continually adjusted. Database marketing relies on the accumulation and use of extensive databases to segment potential customers and reach team with personalized promotional information. The role of telemarketing, marketing over the telephone, has increased. Telemarketing calls are well supported by information technology. Sales management is thoroughly supported with information technology. Customer profitability analysis helps identify high-profit and high-growth customers and target marketing efforts in order to retain and develop these accou nts. Sales force automation involves equipping salespeople with portable computers tied into the corporate information systems. This gives the salespeople instantaneous access to information and frees them from the reporting paperwork. This increases selling time and the level of performance. Access to corporate databases is sometimes accompanied by access to corporate expertise; either by being able to contact the experts or by using expert systems that help specifies the product meeting customer requirements. Price Subsystem Pricing decisions find a degree of support from DSSs and access to databases that contain industry prices. These highly unstructured decisions are made in pursuit of the companies pricing objectives. General strategies range from profit maximization to forgoing a part of the profit in order to increase a market share. Information systems provide an opportunity to finely segment customer groups, and charge different prices depending on the combination of products and services provided, as well as the circumstances of the sale transaction. Sales Forecasting Based on the planned marketing mix and outstanding orders, sales are forecast and a full marketing plan is developed. Sale forecasting is an area where any quantitative methods employed must be tempered with human insight and experience. The actual sales will depend to a large degree on the dynamics of the environment. Qualitative techniques are generally used for environmental forecasting – an attempt to predict the social, economic, legal, and technological environment in which the company will try to realize its plans. Sales forecasting uses numerous techniques, which include: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Group decision making techniques are used to elicit broad expert opinion Scenario analysis in which each scenario in this process is a plausible future environment Extrapolation of trends and cycles through a time-series analysis. 3.FINANCE For the fiscal year ending January 31, 2011, Wal-Mart reported a net income of $15.4 billion on $422 billion of revenue with a 24.7 percent gross profit margin. The corporation’s international operations accounted for $109.2 billion, or 26.1 percent, of total sales. It is the world’s 18th largest public corporation, according to the Forbes Global 2000 list, and the largest public corporation when ranked by revenue. Walmart on an average hire about 10000 employees every year and on opening every single store Walmart employees 300 new employees. Their main source of funds is there sales and basic expenditure goes on building new stores and employees salary. Job Hierarchy at Wal-Mart Human Resources Wal-Mart is the largest non-government employer in the world. They realize that turnover is high in retail, but that their associates are one of their most important assets. Their written policy regarding associates is as follows: â€Å"they are encouraged to maintain the highest standards of honesty, morality, and business ethics†. In order to become a Wal-Mart associate, candidates must take a multiple-choice test and select what are considered the appropriate â€Å"Wal-Mart† responses in order to be hired. Due to the fact that Wal-Mart strives to keep their costs low, they do not offer high wages. They exist on many part-time and temporary workers, do not offer these employees benefits, and do not pay their employees enough to live on. Wal-Mart has a 20-30% cost advantage over competition, as their labor is not unionized. Besides facing current litigation for not paying employees for overtime there are and have been several cases regarding discrimination on the basis of gender (female) that females are often not hired or promoted to be managers.

Movies in american culture

â€Å"Sweet Home Alabama† is a movie about Melanie Smooter played by Reese Witherspoon who is engaged to Andrew Hennings played by Patrick Dempsey and was out to go back to her hometown to divorce with her husband Jake Perry played by Josh Lucas. Melanie is a fashion designer who is with Patrick, a son of the mayor in New York. When Patrick asked Melanie to marry her, Melanie decided to go back to her hometown in Alabama to divorce with her husband Jake. Jake didn’t give her what she wants and so she was trap for a wile in the town so as to insist Jake to finally sign the paper of divorce. The story started on a beach with two kids, a boy and a girl. That was Melanie and Jake running on the beach while it’s raining. Jake tells Melanie that he wanted to marry her and Melanie asked why. From that flashback scene comes the present time with Melanie being engaged with her boyfriend and about to face her past with Jake.   It wasn’t easy for Melanie to convince Jake to sign the divorce paper. During her stay in Alabama, she had the chance to visit her family. Melanie soon realizes that a part of her was still on that place. And even if she tries to go on with her new life, there is unfinished business that she needs to settle. Going back to her hometown seems to be an awkward situation for Melanie, especially when she joins her high school friends and reminisced about their old days. Those scenes will provide the viewers a wide understanding of the movie and how the sequence relates to another one. There were less flashbacks but the film provides scenes that will give better understanding to the past where it is important to show how things  happened after Melanie left Jake in Alabama and went to New York. As the film progresses, it clearly showed how a scene is related to another and its viewers will get to understand and appreciate the film more so. The film relates to us a story of a girl who found her new life outside her old hometown and forgets that she is still in that hometown whether she likes it or not. Melanie thinks she got everything she wished for but she didn’t realized that what he left in that hometown will give her more than what she needs in life. Jake on the other hand still loves Melanie and is man enough to accept that Melanie wanted to call everything quits. Jake strived hard to make a good living and Melanie didn’t realize that. A true love story that is romantic on its own, comedy and light.   â€Å"Sweet Home Alabama† is a film that will teach us to appreciate what we had and to learn that it wont hurt us to look back on out past once in a while. Personally, I liked the movie because of its simple and natural attack to its viewers. It will make you relate yourself to the characters of the film and will make you think of a possible situation in your own life. The film thought me that no matter how decided we are on one thing that we thought could make us happy, there is a thing that lies around us that will make us realized how important it is to our life. Regardless of the fact that Melanie has already found her new life and love, she didn’t realize that she left something more valuable and important than any other things in her life and that is Jake. The film also showed us that there are mistakes that could be done right and that no matter how painful your past is, you will never erase the fact that it will always be a part  of whom you are and what you have become. Nonetheless, the film provides us the understanding of how life gives us challenges that we can surpass. That sometimes even if we get out of the life we have and create a new one with others, we will still feel the need to go back to our old life and make it right. The film is beautifully made that is why I recommend this movie to be watched by other people. It showed the very meaning of love and it addresses to its viewer how love is sweeter the second time around. The film should be watched by young adults and as well as by the not so young and old people who is fond of romantic and comedy film. The characters of the film will surely make an impact to the life of its viewer and it will teach a good lesson in life. Indeed, the film gives us the chance to see a good story comes with a good cast of actors with remarkable acting skills. â€Å"Sweet Home Alabama† is a movie that I will not get tired of watching over and over again. It is a movie that will make you smile in the beginning from end. It is a movie with a taste of love, life and second chances put into one masterpiece that will satisfy its viewer to the end. Definitely, â€Å"Sweet Home Alabama† is a great movie to watch with your friends and/or special someone. Keep in mind to just enjoy watching the movie and try to create a story in your mind same as the movie for you to be able to relate your self more to the movie. But the movie is very easy to understand, you just need to take a good look of it and listen to the lines very well. Nevertheless, it is a movie that will share a wonderful life of success, share of pain and a happy ending that will make it even better for you to watch it again. References Sweet Home Alabama (2002). The Internet Movie Database. Retrieved November 26, 2007, from http://www.imdb.com. Sweet Home Alabama Facts.   Movies.Com. Retrieved November 26, 2007, from http://movies.go.com         

For This Assignment, I Chose To Read And Reviewed Four

For this assignment, I chose to read and reviewed four research articles that talk about the effects of divorce on children. Each of them discussed about whether the differences in the level of parental marital conflict could leave any impacts on the well-being of the children. Besides, all of these papers compare between the high-conflict and low-conflict families. They compare and contrast the well being of the children of divorce when they reach young adults and adulthood stage. All of these articles are the combination of both qualitative and quantitative types of researches. Some theoretical perspectives that were used are economic deprivation, family structure and psychological stress. Plus, these papers were already being reviewed†¦show more content†¦The author tried to support his hypothesis by doing 1-hour interview by interviewing children that being randomly selected from three different schools. Then, he measured and computed any conflicts that provided by the c hildren’s parents, peers and external raters. He provided sources from past studies that show negative effects of divorce on children and use examples to further support his arguments. However, his findings did not support his hypothesis. He found out that parental conflicts do not mean that it can leave negative relationship to the children’s self-esteem. Thus, he clarifies by saying that this difference in findings happens because past researchers rely on clinical samples, while his samples were from randomly selected children. In my opinion, presenting past studies that lead us to make our hypothesis are really effective as it provides the base and evidence of our arguments. However, this article is not persuasive because the author stated in his study that the measurements that he used to study and address some problems in this study have unknown validity and reliability—this can be one of the weaknesses of this study. By saying that, it makes me feel that t he finding of this study will not be as accurate and promising. The finding of this paper is also contradicted with my belief. I thought it would be the way around. It is because, according to Prof. Hansen’s lecture on, â€Å"Chosen Relationships and Roots of Mature Love†, it is said thatShow MoreRelatedPersonal Review And Reflection Paper1262 Words   |  6 Pagesobjectives that were completed. 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